Year: 2014

Harmonics has effect on Rotating Machines in various ways, e.g.: 1. Harmonic losses: Harmonic voltages or currents increase losses in the stator windings, rotor circuit, and stator and rotor lamination. Normally the losses in the stator and rotor conductors of A.C. machines are greater than those associated with the D.C.

The voltage magnitude and frequency of the AC electrical power generated by a wind turbine generator are usually variable due to the variation of the wind sources. Therefore, power electronic converters are commonly employed to convert the electrical power from the form generated by the wind turbine generator into the

The main components of a wind power system are illustrated in Figure 28.1, which include a turbine rotor and blades, a yaw mechanism, a gearbox, a generator, a power electronic converter system, a transformer to connect the wind power system to a power grid, and a wind turbine generator control

In virtually every engineering application there is a need for measuring some physical quantities, such as forces, stresses, temperatures, pressures, flows, or displacements. These measurements are performed by physical devices called sensors or transducers, which are capable of converting a physical quantity to a more readily manipulated electrical quantity. Most

Balancing authorities are responsible for the performance of the electric system is to ensure that at every moment of time there is sufficient generation to reliably supply the customer requirements and all associated delivery system losses. The process is complicated by the fact that the customer load changes continuously and,

The electric utility industry over time developed planning, operating, and design standards to address customer expectations of reliable service. These standards were at first local in perspective but, as interties were built and the interdependent nature of the system became apparent, many of the standards were expanded to a regional

Reliability of a system is difficult to measure. Perhaps the best way is through evaluation of the consequences of possible consumer interruptions. Investigations have shown that the best measure of reliability is that of consumer reaction. Five conditions that have been identified impact the value an average consumer puts on

The costs of electric power outages to U.S. electric customers are generally called “socioeconomic” costs. Attempts have been made to quantify these costs but the estimates vary widely. One source reports that the costs are $26 billion each year and that they have been increasing as the electric power industry

Interruptions in the supply of electricity to customers can occur at any hour of the day or night and can last from fractions of a second to many hours or even days. Interruptions can be caused by disturbances to or malfunctions of any of the three components of the power