ENGINEERING ARTICLES

Keywords: transmission and distribution electrical equipment, aging mechanisms, life extension techniques, electrical contacts, insulation materials, power transformers, high-voltage bushings, circuit breakers, monitoring, diagnostics, maintenance. In our modern world, the reliable transmission and distribution of electrical power is essential for our daily lives. Behind the scenes, a complex network of electrical equipment works tirelessly to ensure that electricity reaches our homes, businesses, and communities. However, like any other mechanical and electrical systems, these power equipment components are not immune to the effects of time and usage. Over the years, they undergo a natural process of aging and deterioration, which can lead to malfunctions, disruptions, and even failures in the power supply. Understanding the factors that contribute to the aging of transmission and distribution electrical equipment is crucial for maintaining the reliability and safety of our power sys...

 Main Keywords: Smart Grid Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Cybersecurity Data Privacy Energy Efficiency Carbon Emissions Machine Learning Regulatory Incentives Grid Reliability Resilience 1. Location: Onshore wind farms are located on land, typically in open areas with favourable wind conditions. Offshore wind farms, on the other hand, are situated in bodies of water, such as oceans or large lakes. 2. Wind Speed: Offshore wind farms generally experience higher wind speeds compared to onshore wind farms. The wind speed over the ocean is typically stronger and more consistent, resulting in potentially higher energy yields for offshore turbines. 3. Energy Potential: Due to the higher wind speeds, offshore wind farms have a greater energy potential compared to onshore wind farms. Offshore turbines can generate up to 50-...