October 2013

Service main is the path between the utility company and consumer. Service mains used are the cables, almost PVC cables are used. Power loss through the PVC cables is an important factor, through which it is analysed and estimated that how much percentage of the power is utilised by the customer, how much power is […]

In renewable energy sources Power quality of distribution system can also be affected by non-linear loads.Non-linear loads are a source of harmonic currents.Renewable energy sources do not directly supplies AC power to the consumers.Renewable sources generate DC power which is then converted to AC with the help of electronic based inverters. Those electronic circuits associated

Solar photovoltaic (PV) cells and wind mill dependent on climatic change to work and generate electrical energy. Therefore, when these energy sources working alone they are not good power supply. Emerging of solar and wind sources are more valued in electrical energy generation. Such a type of system is called Hybrid system.Thus a hybrid power

Equipments are designed for operation at a fixed frequency called fundamental frequency.Harmonics are waveforms of the frequencies which are integral multiples of fundamental frequency. As per the calculations of the harmonics they are defined in the odd and even harmonics. However odd harmonics are important to know. Odd harmonics are defined as below: If Fundamental

Renewable energy sources are available free of cost, smooth during operationandclean source of energy. Renewable energy sourceshavelow operating and maintenance costand can be easily built.Solar and wind energy are almost widely used as the main renewable energy resource.Wind mills can be installed in bulk and later connected to national grid on commercial basis. On the

It can be distinct as “Power problems existing in voltage, current or frequency variation that result in failure of consumer’sequipment”. There are a lot of ways inside power supply can be of poor power quality. It is vital to know the different types of power quality variations that can cause troubles with receptive loads. Some

In this section of the report, nine essential elements that constitute an effective cable condition monitoring (CM) program are presented. These elements are as follows: 1. Selection of cables to be monitored 2. Development of database for monitored cables 3. Characterize and monitor service environments 4. Identify stressors and expected aging mechanisms 5. Select CM

1. Introduction The hybrid power system is a comprehensive electrical power supply system that can be easily configured to meet a broad range of power needs. Hybrid systems, like the name implies, combine two or more modes of electricity generation together, usually using renewable technologies such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines. Hybrid systems

Wind turbines are classified according to the interaction of the blades with the wind, orientation of the rotor axis with respect to the ground and to the tower (upwind, downwind), and innovative or unusual types of machines. The interaction of the blades with the wind is by drag or lift or a combination of the

The terms ‘switchgear’ and ‘motor control centres’ are used in general to describe combinations of enclosures, bus bars, circuit breakers, power contactors, power fuses, protective relays, controls and indicating devices. The standards used in Europe often refer to IEC60050 for definitions of general terms. Particular IEC standards tend to give additional definitions that relate to