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OPTIMUM LOADING OF HYBRID SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER

1. Introduction

The hybrid power system is a comprehensive electrical power supply system that can be easily configured to meet a broad range of power needs. Hybrid systems, like the name implies, combine two or more modes of electricity generation together, usually using renewable technologies such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines. Hybrid systems provide a high level of energy security through the mix of generation methods, and often will incorporate a storage system (battery, fuel cell) or gird tied supply system to ensure maximum supply reliability and security.

There are three basic elements to this system - the power source, the battery, and the power management center. Power sources are wind turbine, solar energy and grid connection. The battery allows autonomous operation by compensating for the difference between power production and utilization. The power management center regulates power production from each of the sources, controls power use by classifying loads, and protects the battery from service extremes. Figure 1 shows a simple arrangement for a hybrid system comprising of solar and wind generations, connection to the existing utility network. Power can be taken from utility or can be feed back to utility.



Figure 1 Hybrid supply system concept 

In general, Hybrid Power Systems have to meet different requirements depending on the appliances served, the consumer behavior, the consumer’s demands on the power quality and the energy sources available locally. While mobile phone antennas need to be supplied with almost constant power of high quality, small villages have a fluctuating and usually growing energy demand while short term power outages are not critical.

To realize cost efficient power supply with the required power quality an individual system design considering all site specific aspects is essential.

2. Solar Energy

The Solar Modules (Photovoltaic Cell) generate DC electricity when ever sun light falls in solar cells. The Solar Modules should be titled in an optimum angle for the particular location face due to south, and should not be shaded at any time in a day. Motorized control can be used to rotate solar panels in the direction of sun and ensure maximum sun light.



Figure 2 Solar system components

3. Wind Energy

Wind is the natural phenomenon related to the movement of air masses caused by the primarily by the differential solar heating of the earth’s surface. Seasonal variation in the energy received from the sun affects the strength and direction of the wind. The wind turbine capture the wind kinetic energy in a rotor consisting of two or more blades mechanically coupled to an electrical generator. The turbine is mounted on a tall tower to enhance the energy capture.



Figure 3 Wind system components

4. Grid Power

Electrical power is generated in bulk amount and transmitted to power grid and then distributed to the consumers. Its performance affects the consumers ‘appliances and also the economy of the power system. Existing system near the consumers is a three phase four wire system.

5. Literature Review

Parita G Dilwadi and Chintan R Mehta (March 2012) Calculated the cost of production of energy and it is also conclude that initial cost of the Wind solar hybrid system is high but it produces energy at least cost.

(1) M. Partovi and M.Mohammadian (March 2013) Study about Economic model of the FC-PV hybrid supply system and also estimate the daily optimal strategy for the hybrid system and to minimize the operation cost.

(2) F.D Surianu I. Borlea D.Jagoria Oprea and B Lustrea (March 2012) studies shows the broad utilization of the renewable energy resources, and also shows the comparison of renewable energy resources (3)

6. Objectives of the research

The objectives of the research project are to perform the operational studies for hybrid supply system and planning studies to optimum loading in the hybrid supply system, enhance reliability and Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) for residential customer.

Main objectives of the research are

Ø Modeling and simulation of Solar, Wind and grid tied hybrid system

Ø Analysis of optimum loading of hybrid supply system

Ø Economical analysis of optimization for hybrid system

7. Expected outcome of the research project

Following are the expected outcomes of research project:

Ø Un interrupted power supply when grid is not connected

Ø Optimum loading for hybrid supply system (Solar, Wind and Grid)

Ø Initial cost of solar and wind system is high but in hybrid connection it produces electricity at least cost

Ø It has many advantages that it produces no pollution and requires less maintenance.

8. Scope of the research Project

Now a days, world is facing the energy crisis the most optimist fact is that the main energy resources (Oil and natural Gas) are exhausted in 2050. In this scenario the only solution is finding and using new energy resources. Solar and wind energies are the solution in this scenario but the solar energy and wind energy highly depending on the climate conditions and also expensive but the combination of these technologies can be considered as hybrid supply system with high reliability to satisfy the electrical load of the residential customer.

Methodology Statement:

Methodology planning for this proposal topic is to optimum loading and economic analysis of hybrid supply system and Simulation as per the data collected from a house in defense Hyderabad where hybrid supply system is installed. However methodology for this proposal is divided into the following steps.

· Study of hybrid supply system:

First step of the project is to know how about hybrid supply system. Wind energy solar energy and grid connection.

· Survey of field

For the purpose of the data collection, we make a field survey of that house where hybrid supply system is installed Survey consists load of the customer and behavior of the load. Economic considerations and economical impacts over the customer

· Analysis

Collected data and simulation results will help to analyze the parameters of the hybrid supply system.
Analysis of cost and economic contribution of the hybrid supply system.

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