Storage batteries are these days used for a great variety and range of purposes, some of which are summarized below: 1. In Central Stations for supplying the whole load during light load periods, also to assist the generating plant during peak load periods, for providing reserve emergency supply during periods
Year: 2014
A battery consists of a number of cells and each cell of the battery-consists of (a) positive and negative plants (b) separators and (c) electrolyte, all contained in one of the many compartments of the battery container. Different parts of a lead-acid battery are as under: (I) PLATES: A plate
An electric battery consists of a number of electrochemical cells, connected either in series or parallel. A cell, which is the basic unit of a battery, may be defined as a power generating device, which is capable of converting stored chemical energy into electrical energy. If the stored energy is
This theory was first advanced by Weber in 1852 and was, later on, further developed by Ewing in 1890. The basic assumption of this theory is that molecules of all substances are inherently magnets in themselves, each having N and S pole. In an un-magnetized state, it is supposed that
A capacitor essentially consists of two conducting surfaces separated by a layer of an insulating medium called dielectric. The conducting surfaces may be in the form of either circular (or rectangular) plates or be of spherical or cylindrical shape. The purpose of a capacitor is to store electrical energy by
An insulator or dielectric is a substance within which there are no mobile electrons necessary for electric conduction. However, when the voltage applied to such an insulator exceeds a certain value, then it breaks down and allows a heavy electric current (much larger than the usual leakage current) to flow
Electrostatics is that branch of science which deals with the phenomena associated with electricity at rest. Generally an atom is electrically neutral i.e. in a normal atom the aggregate of positive charge of protons is exactly equal to the aggregate of negative charge of the electrons. If, somehow, some electrons
When an alternating potential difference is applied across two conductors whose spacing is large as compared to their diameters, there is no apparent change in the condition of atmospheric air surrounding the wires if the applied voltage is low. However, when the applied voltage exceeds a certain value, called critical
The phenomenon of corona is affected by the physical state of the atmosphere as well as by the conditions of the line. The following are the factors upon which corona depends: (I) ATMOSPHERE: As corona is formed due to ionization of air surrounding the conductors, therefore, it is affected by
Corona has many advantages and disadvantages. In the correct design of a high voltage overhead line, a balance should be struck between the advantages and disadvantages. ADVANTAGES (i) Due to corona formation, the air surrounding the conductor becomes conducting and hence virtual diameter of the conductor is increased. The increased
