Basic Load Characterization Load characterization involves understanding the nature and behavior of different types of electrical loads. Loads can be classified as residential, commercial, or industrial, each with unique consumption patterns. Proper characterization helps in designing efficient power systems and predicting demand accurately. Composite Loads and Composite Load Characterization Composite
Category: Power Quality
Electric Power Quality: A Rising Concern Electric power quality has emerged as a significant area within electric power engineering, driven primarily by the increasing sensitivity of end-use equipment. This chapter addresses various aspects of power quality as it affects utility companies and their customers, covering grounding, voltage sags, harmonics, voltage
Defining Harmonics Harmonics are voltage or current waveforms at multiples of the fundamental frequency. They distort the overall waveform, leading to various operational issues. Sources of Harmonics Harmonics are typically generated by non-linear loads such as rectifiers, variable speed drives, and fluorescent lighting. These loads draw current in a non-sinusoidal
Characteristics and Origins of Voltage Sags Voltage sags are short-duration reductions in voltage magnitude, often caused by faults in the power system. They can propagate through the network, affecting multiple customers. Equipment Voltage Tolerance Different types of equipment have varying tolerance levels to voltage sags. Understanding these tolerances is crucial
Understanding Voltage Flicker Voltage flicker is caused by small, rapid changes in voltage levels, which can result in noticeable variations in light output. This flicker is particularly annoying to human observers and can impact productivity and comfort. Sources of Voltage Flicker Common sources include large motor starts, fluctuating industrial loads,
Selecting Monitoring Points Effective power quality monitoring begins with selecting appropriate monitoring points within the electrical system. These points should be chosen based on potential problem areas and critical equipment locations. What to Monitor Key monitoring parameters include voltage levels, current, harmonics, and power data. Understanding the types of disturbances
The main difference between a STATCOM and an SVC is the way they operate: a STATCOM works as a controllable voltage source while an SVC works as a dynamically controllable reactance connected in parallel. Compared with an SVC, a STATCOM offers the possibility of feeding the grid with the maximum
Basically, the DSTATCOM system is comprised of three main parts: a Voltage Source Converter (VSC), a set of coupling reactors and a controller. The basic principle of a DSTATCOM installed in a power system is the generation of a controllable ac voltage source by a voltage source inverter (VSI) connected
TCSC is used to decrease or increase overall effective series transmission impedance from sending end to the receiving end so as to control the transmission of power and the current in the reactor can be controlled from zero to maximum by the method of firing delay angle. Closure of the
Long interruptions are always due to component outages. Component outages are due to three different causes: I. A fault occurs in the power system which leads to an intervention by the power system protection. If the fault occurs in a part of the system which is not redundant or of
