The generator transformer steps up the generator terminal voltage to the voltage of the power system or plant switchyard. Generator transformers are generally specified and operated in accordance with international standards for power transformers, with the additional consideration that the transformer will be operated close to its maximum rating for
Year: 2013
Synchronous generators and induction generators are used to convert the mechanical energy output of the turbine to electrical energy. Induction generators are used in small hydroelectric applications (less than 5 MVA) due to their lower cost which results from elimination of the exciter, voltage regulator, and synchronizer associated with synchronous generators. The induction
The flow through the turbine is controlled by wicket gates on reaction turbines and by needle nozzles on impulse turbines. A turbine inlet valve or penstock intake gate is provided for isolation of the turbine during shutdown and maintenance. Spillways and additional control valves and outlet tunnels are provided in
The flow through the turbine is controlled by wicket gates on reaction turbines and by needle nozzles on impulse turbines. A turbine inlet valve or penstock intake gate is provided for isolation of the turbine during shutdown and maintenance. Spillways and additional control valves and outlet tunnels are provided in
The type of turbine selected for a particular application is influenced by the head and flow rate. There are two classifications of hydraulic turbines: impulse and reaction. The impulse turbine is used for high heads—approximately 300 m or greater. High-velocity jets of water strike spoon-shaped buckets on the runner which is at
Figures 5.1 and 5.2 illustrate the main components of a hydroelectric generating unit. The generating unit may have its shaft oriented in a vertical, horizontal, or inclined direction depending on the physical conditions of the site and the type of turbine applied. Figure 5.1 shows a typical vertical shaft Francis
1) Siting Hydroelectric plants are located in geographic areas where they will make economic use of hydraulic energy sources. Hydraulic energy is available wherever there is a flow of liquid and accumulated head. Head represents potential energy and is the vertical distance through which the fluid falls in the energy
Hydroelectric power generation involves the storage of a hydraulic fluid, water, conversion of the hydraulic (potential) energy of the fluid into mechanical (kinetic) energy in a hydraulic turbine, and conversion of the mechanical energy to electrical energy in an electric generator. The first hydroelectric power plants came into service in
Successfully practice electrical engineering to serve state and regional industries, government agencies, or national and international industries. Work professionally in one or more of the following areas: analog electronics, digital electronics, communication systems, signal processing, control systems, and computer-based systems. Achieve personal and professional success with awareness and commitment to
A current-carrying coil produces a magnetic field that links its own turns. If the current in the coil changes the amount of magnetic flux linking the coil changes and, by Faraday’s law, an emf is produced in the coil. This emf is called a self-induced emf. Let the coil have
