Nuclear energy is used to produce electricity. Heat generated from the splitting of uranium atoms in a process known as fission is used to produce steam. This steam in turn powers turbines, which are used to produce the electricity that supplies the surrounding community. Nuclear power stations are set up in a multiple-step process that […]
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Solid-state Controls systems differ from off-line designs in the following ways: 1. Solid-state Controls offers an on-line, double conversion UPS system. Therefore, the client’s critical load is being powered continuously from the inverter. The battery is always being floated by the fully-rated rectifier/charger and is always connected to the inverter input. As result, all components
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The following is an outline of some of the major problems associated with off-line (stand by) UPS designs. INPUT FREQUENCY/ VOLTAGE PASS THROUGH The off-line unit is designed to pass through the input line voltage and frequency to the load. (Note: the power passed through is non-conditioned utility power.) While this may be fine for
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The D-STATCOM is basically one of the custom power devices. It is nothing but a STATCOM but used at the Distribution level. The D-STATCOM is a voltage or current source inverter based custom power device connected in shunt with the power system. It is connected near the load at the distribution systems. The key component
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Principle: An electrical generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The energy conversion is based on the principle of the production of dynamically induced emf, where a conductor cuts magnetic flux, dynamically induced emf is produced in it according to Faraday’s Laws of electromagnetic Induction. This emf causes a current to
(1) By using a starting motor. This motor is directly coupled to the motor. It may be an induction motor which can run on a synchronous speed closer to the synchronous speed of the main motor. (2) Starting as an induction motor. This is the most usual method in which the motor is provided with
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1. Shunt generators with field regulators are used for ordinary lighting and power supply purposes. They are also used for charging batteries because their terminal voltages are almost constant or can be kept constant. 2. Series generators are not used for power supply because of their rising characteristics. However, their rising characteristic makes them suitable
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Following are the three most important characteristics or curves of a dc generator: 1. No-load saturation Characteristic (E0/If): It is also known as Magnetic Characteristic or Open-circuit Characteristic (O.C.C.). It shows the relation between the no-load generated MMF in armature, E0 and the field or exciting current If at a given fixed speed. It is just the
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The advantages of using FACTS devices in electrical transmission systems are described below. 1. MORE UTILIZATION OF EXISTING TRANSMISSION SYSTEM In all the countries, the power demand is increasing day by day to transfer the electrical power and controlling the load flow of the transmission system is very necessary this can be achieved by more
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Pilot bus or weak bus is defined as the bus which, when supported, improves voltage profile at all the buses and also ensures additional security to the system, in terms of increased loading margin. Usually, placing adequate reactive power support at the weakest bus enhances static voltage stability margins. The bus which is close to
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