There are broadly two sources of losses in transformers on load, these being copper losses and iron losses. (A) Copper…

All analogue electrical indicating instruments require three essential devices: (a) A DEFLECTING OR OPERATING DEVICE: A mechanical force is produced by…

Electric motor protection depends on the accurate selection of overloads, fuses and/or circuit breakers. Over the years the protective devices…

Because of the sensitive nature of the vital and essential consumers with regard to personnel safety and production continuity, it…

Since the 1980s the power MOSFET has superseded the BJT in inverters for drives. Like the BJT, the MOSFET is…

In order to reduce the mechanical (due to electro-dynamic forces) and thermal stresses on the object to be protected, the…

A metal oxide varistor (MOV) is built from zinc oxide disks in series and parallel arrangement to achieve the required…

Since most loads are inductive and consume lagging reactive power, the compensation required is usually supplied by leading reactive power.…

Except in a very few special situations, electrical energy is generated, transmitted, distributed, and utilized as alternating current (AC). However,…

The fact that interconnections between power systems are increasingly common does not imply that they are as simple as connecting…