Author name: Engr. Aneel Kumar

Quantifying the combined effect of the four factors that affect battery life discussed in the previous page is difficult. You need a way to determine when a battery is near the end of its useful life so you can replace it while it still works, before the critical load is left unprotected. The only sure […]

In most UPSs, you don’t use just one cell at a time. They’re normally grouped together serially to form higher voltages, or in parallel to form higher currents. In a serial arrangement, the voltages add up. In a parallel arrangement, the currents add up. However, batteries are not quite as linear as the two graphics

Batteries have limited life, usually showing a slow degradation of capacity until they reach 80 percent of their initial rating, followed by a comparatively rapid failure. Regardless of how or where a UPS is deployed, and what size it is, there are four primary factors that affect battery life: ambient temperature, battery chemistry, cycling and

A generating station which utilizes the potential energy of water at a high level for the generation of electrical energy is known as a hydroelectric power station. Hydro-electric power stations are generally located in hilly areas where dams can be built conveniently and large water reservoirs can be obtained. In a hydro-electric power station, water

A modern steam power station is highly complex and has numerous equipment and auxiliaries. However, the most important constituents of a steam power station are: 1. Steam generating equipment2. Condenser3. Prime mover4. Water treatment plant5. Electrical equipment. 1. STEAM GENERATING EQUIPMENT: This is an important part of steam power station. It is concerned with the

In order to achieve overall economy, the following points should be considered while selecting a site for a steam power station: (I) SUPPLY OF FUEL: The steam power station should be located near the coal mines so that transportation cost of fuel is minimum. However, if such a plant is to be installed at a

Steam power station simply involves the conversion of heat of coal combustion into electrical energy, it embraces many arrangements for proper working and efficiency. The schematic arrangement of a modern steam power station is shown in Figure. The whole arrangement can be divided into the following stages for the sake of simplicity: 1. Coal and

A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a steam power station. A steam power station basically works on the Rankine cycle. Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal combustion. The steam is then expanded in the prime mover (i.e., steam turbine)

Bulk electric power is produced by special plants known as generating stations or power plants. A generating station essentially employs a prime mover coupled to an alternator for the production of electric power. The prime mover (e.g. steam turbine, water turbine etc.) converts energy from some other form into mechanical energy. The alternator converts mechanical

That part of power system which distributes electric power for local use is known as distribution system. In general, the distribution system is the electrical system between the sub-station fed by the transmission system and the consumer’s meters. It generally consists of feeders, distributors and the service mains. Fig. 12.1 shows the single line diagram