POLARIZATION OF BACK EMF
Let us consider the case of two platinum electrodes dipped in dilute sulphuric acid solution. When a small potential difference…
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PRIMARY SECONDARY AND TERTIARY FREQUENCY CONTROL
PRIMARY CONTROL: Primary control consists of changing a generating unit’s power versus the frequency, according to its static generation characteristic…
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FREQUENCY CONTROL IN AN ISLANDING SYSTEM AND IN INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS
A power system can be referred to as an islanding system when it is disconnected from other systems and does…
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COMPARISON BETWEEN STATCOM AND SVC
The main difference between a STATCOM and an SVC is the way they operate: a STATCOM works as a controllable…
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FACTORS LIMITING POWER FLOW THROUGH TRANSMISSION LINE
It depends on what is limiting the power flow and how much of an increase is needed to solve the…
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LINE LOADABILITY IN AC LINES
In order to prevent over voltages at light loads, it is necessary to have devices for absorbing reactive power (like…
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KIRCHHOFFS LAWS
As the network becomes complex, application of Ohm’s law for solving the networks becomes tedious and hence time consuming. For…
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ACTIVE CIRCUIT ELEMENTS (ENERGY SOURCES)
An active two-terminal element that supplies energy to a circuit is a source of energy. An ideal voltage source is…
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FUNCTIONS OF SCADA SYSTEMS
A SCADA System typically provides the following functions: • Comprehensive monitoring of primary and secondary plant • Secure control of…
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IMPORTANCE OF SWING BUS
The slack or swing bus is usually a PV-bus with the largest capacity generator of the given system connected to…